Jack London - Biography /english/ (WinWord 97) [Доклад]

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THE MOSCOW STATE LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITY
JACK LONDON
(b. 1876 - d. 1916)
Report
by
Andrey Krechetov, 103 а/норв
MOSCOW
2 0 0 0
Jack London is the pseudonym of John Griffith Chaney.
John was born Jan. 12, 1876 in San Francisco (California, USA)
and died Nov. 22, 1916 in Glen Ellen (California.
His father was a roving astrologer, who deserted when the Jack was a little boy. London was raised by his religious mother and his stepfather. Jack took hisstepfather's surname, London.
When London was 14 he had to quit grammar school to escape poverty. The boy was looking for adventures. He got a sloop and explored San Francisco Bay, working for the government fish patrol.
Later London went to Japan as a sailor. When he returned, he moved around the the United States, since London became member of one of the many protest armies of unemployed. John was a hobo riding freight trains. He saw the depression. Later he was taken up for vagrancy. All these made London turn to militant socialism.
John London educated himself at public libraries. He read the works of Charles Darwin, Karl Marx, Friedrich Nietzsche. These books formed a mixture of socialism and white superiority ideas in London's mind.
When Jack was 19, he crammed a four-year high school course into one year and managed to enter the University of California at Berkeley.
After a year of studying he quit school and went to Canada, joining the
Klondike gold rush of 1897. He returned the next year, still poor and jobless. He decided to earn his living as a writer.
London studied some literary magazines and set himself a daily schedule of writing sonnets, ballads, jokes, anecdotes, adventure stories, horror stories, etc. His output steadily increased. The optimism and energy with which he attacked his task could be seen in his autobiographical novel Martin Eden (1909), which is his most enduring work.
His stories of his Alaskan adventures were often crude, but within two years began

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