Топики по английскому языку /english/

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ИHОСТРАHHЫЕ ЯЗЫКИ

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THE UNIVERSITIES in IRELAND.
In the turbulent centures that followed the Norman invasion, several efforts were made to establish universities in
Ireland. In 1311, John de Leah, Archbishop of Dublin, obtained
a bull from Pope Clement V authorizing him to establish a university in Dublin, but he died before anithing could be accomplished. An attempt was made in 1465 to found a university in
Drogheda; this was to be endowed, as far as the Prliament of
the England Pale could do it, with all the rights and privileges of the university of Oxford. The parliament concerned was
presided over by Tomas, Earl of Desmond; two ears later he was
attainted and beheaded, his estates were confiscated, and once
more the idea of a university came to nothing.At last,in 1591,
the idea was realized.
TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN
In that year a group of Dublin citixents obtained a charter from Queen Elizabeth I incorporating Trinity College as a
mater universitatis. By this term they envisaged that a group
of university colleges would sterm from Trinity in the continental and English style;owing to the course of Tudor and subsequent Irish history that ideal has not yet been realized.The
Corporation of Dublin granted to the new foundation the lands
and dilapidated buldings of the Monastery of All Hallows,lying
south-east of the sity walls Subscriptions were raised from
among the principal gentleman of each country, who had been
invited to assist the new college to the benefit of the whole
country, whereby Knowlege, Learning and Civility may be increased,to the banishment of barbarism,tumults and disorderly living from among them. A number of landed estates were secured
to the College out of the confiscations which followed the defeat northen Earls.
The university was designed to encourage English culture
in Ireland,and to promote the reformed religion in it's statutory form,so that it's establishment afforded no opportunities
for higher education to recusant bodies, whethe

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