



                           





I. . 

   1. ਯ⮣᪠  ଠ樨.



II.  ਯ⥬.

   1. 䨪 ਯ⥬.

   2. ࠪ᪮ ਬ.

     2.1 DES-⠭   ஢ .
     2.2 RSA-⥬   箬.
     2.3 ⥬ ⮪ ஢.
     2.4  28147-89 - ⢥ ⠭ ஢ .



III.

   1. ࠢ ਯ⮣᪨ ⮤.






                              - 2 -


I. . ਯ⮣᪠  ଠ樨.

    ਯ⮣ - 㪠    ଠ樨    ⥭  
஭.  ⨣ ஢, .. ८ࠧ-
,    饭 室   㤭-
뢠묨   室     ᯥ樠쭮 祢 -
ଠ樨 - .   箬    塞  
ਯ⥬, ࠭  ⠩  ।,  騥
८ࠧ   믮   砥.  ਯ-
⥬ - ᥬ⢮ 롨ࠥ    ⨬ ८-
,  ८ࠧ 頥  ⥪   ண-
ࠬ  ⭮.
     ⥫쭮, ⮡ ⮤ ஢     
᢮⢠:
 -  ⥫ ᬮ 믮 ⭮ ८ࠧ 
   ஢ ᮮ饭;
 - ਯ⮠⨪ ⨢,  墠⨢訩 ᮮ饭,  ᬮ
⠭    室 ᮮ饭  ⠪  ६
 ।,  ᤥ  ࠡ ࠡ 楫ᮮࠧ.


II.  ਯ⥬.

1. 䨪 ਯ⥬.

      ࠪ  ᯮ짮      ਯ⥬
 ࠧ   ⨯:  ᨬ (祢,   ᥪ-
 箬)  ᨬ (  箬).
      ࢮ  砥   ࠢ⥫   -
⥫ ᯮ     .   ࠧ  -
⥪,   㭪樥 ⮣ ⥪,  
㭪樨 ஢ । ᥪ 箬.   -
⥫ ᮮ饭  믮 ⭮ ८ࠧ 
ࠧ.   ࠭  ⠩  ।  ࠢ-

                              - 3 -

 ᮮ饭  ⥫  ,  ᪫饬 墠 
ਯ⮠⨪ ⨢.  筮 । ࠢ -
: ⮩    ।  ⮫쪮  ᥪ⭮ ,
.. ਯ⮠⨪   ⠫    ஢  
஢, ஬ ᥪ⭮ .
      ⥪ 筮  ந  ᫨  ࠧ-
       ࠡ⠭ ᫨⥫ ன⢮
 楫,    ࠧ   䨪஢ -
,      ⤥쭮,  ᨬ   -
  室 ᫥⥫쭮.   ਯ⥬ -
 ⥬ 筮 ஢.
      ࠪ⨪ 筮 ᯮ   ਭ樯 ஢:
ᥨ  ६訢.  ᥨ 砥  -
࠭ ﭨ  ᨬ ⮣ ⥪   ᨬ
⥪:    ᪨ ᢮⢠ -
 ⥪. ⨥ ⮣ ਭ樯  ࠭ -
ﭨ  ᨬ    ᨬ ணࠬ,  -
 ᪫ ⠭     .  ६訢
⮨   ᯮ짮 ⠪  ८ࠧ,  
᪫ ⠭ 裡 ᪨ ᢮  -
⮣  ஢ ⥪.  ࠭ ᯮᮡ ⨦
襣 ᥨ ⮨   ᯮ짮  ⠢  ,
   ॠ   ன ᫥⥫쭮
 ஢,     让   -
⥫쭮 㬬୮ ᥨ  ६訢.  ⢥ 
஢  ᥣ ᯮ  ⠭  ⠭.
        ਬ஢ ਯ⮠⬠,  ࠧࠡ⠭
 ᮮ⢥⢨  ਭ樯 ᥨ    ६訢,  
㦨 ਭ    1977    樮  ⠭⮢ 
⠭ ஢  DES.  ᬮ  ⥭ᨢ    -
⥫ ᫥  ⬠  ᯥ樠⠬,     
梨  ⬠,   ᭮   뫮  ।-
 ⮤ ਯ⮠,  ⢥ 訩, 祬  ॡ
祩. 饥  ⠪:  DES - ᪫⥫쭮 訩 . 
 1991    ⢨  ⢥ ਯ⮠-

                              - 4 -

  28147-89.
         ६    ⢥ -
 -  ࠧ 訡,  騥   । -
饭    裡.  筠 訡  ⥪ 뢠
᪠ ਬ୮  ⮣  ⥪    ஢.
 ॡ ਬ  , ࠢ 訡.
      筮       ⮣  ⥪
    ஢ ⥪.   ⮣
 ⮪ ,  ,   ⫨稥  ,  -
⢫ ⭮  ஢  ⮪    প 
ਯ⥬.  饬 砥  ᨬ ⮣ ⥪ -
, ।     ᨬ  㣨 ᨬ.
, 襥 ८ࠧ  ⮣ ⥪ -
     㣮,    ६    -
஢ 饥 ८ࠧ    ⠥  .
 ᨬ ⮣ ⥪  ஢  ⮬ ࠭-
祭 ᫠ ।  ᨬ.
     ⮪   ᭮뢠    ᥢ砩  祢
᫥⥫쭮 - ᣥ஢ । ࠧ ᫥-
⥫쭮 ᨬ   묨 ᢮⢠ ।᪠㥬
(砩)  । ᨬ.    祢
᫥⥫쭮⥩ 筮       ॣ஢
ᤢ   㫥 㭪.  ⢥  㫥-
 㭪樨    ᯮ짮 ਯ⮠ DES,   ᮮ-
 ਬ DES  ० ⭮ 裡  室  (OFB)
 ⭮ 裡  ⥪ (CFB). 訩  ।-
⠢ ० CFB , ᪮  拉 砥 ० OFB  ᯥ-
稢 ॡ㥬 ᥪ⭮.
     ⥬ ⮪ ஢   ਯ⥬   -
ࠧ 箬,   ࠧ  ࠢ ࠧ 㥬
⥪.  ਯ⮠  ᭮ ⭮  ⮣  ⥪
⮩ ⥬  ।  묨  㫥묨 㭪ﬨ,
  業 ਯ⮩ ⥬   ᭮  
 ᯮ㥬 㭪権. ⥫쭮, ⮪   ⫨-
稥  㣨 ਯ⥬  ⥫쭮 让  -

                              - 5 -

㥬 ᥪ⭮. ஬ ⮣,  ⥬ ⮪ ஢
 ந室 ࠧ 訡   ࠭祭.  ⨬ -
稭,  ⠪  ᮪ ᪮ ࠡ⪨ ⥬ ⮪-
 ஢ 뢠 讥 ਥ  ॡ⥫  ᯥ-
樠⮢.
      ਯ⥬   箬  ⬠ ஢ 
஢ ᯮ ࠧ ,      -
  祭  㣮 ( ਥ묨 ⠬).   
ᯮ  ஢,  㣮 -  ஢. ᭮
ਭ樯 ⥬   箬 ᭮뢠   ਬ  -
஭  ⨬ 㭪権  ஭ 㭪権  -
 (⠩ 室).
     ᫥ 祩 ⢫ ⥫ ᮮ饭, -
 ⠢  ᥡ  ,    㤥 ⮬ ᯮ-
 (  ᥪ ). 㣮   뫠  -
⥫ ᮮ饭 -   -    ᪨.
 ⨬  箬,    ஢
⥪  ᫠  ⥫,   ᣥ஢ 
 .  ᯮ㥬  饤㯭.  ,
 㭪樨 ஢  ஢ ⨬  ⮣,  
 ᯥ稢 ண 易 ன 祩 (⮣
 ᥪ⭮),      ।⠢ ᮡ -
⨬ 㭪    ᥪ⭮  .   ࠧ ⥪
 ।⠢ ᮡ ⨬ 㭪  ⮣  ⥪,
   ୥ ⫨砥  ஢  ⥬  ᥪ -
箬.
     ᫥ ⨬  㭪権  ஢  ᭮ 
᫥騬 ࠢ:  ⭮   ⥯ -  -
 DH (-),  㬭  ᥫ -  RSA
(, ,  ), ᯮ짮 ࠢ 訡 -
 ,  NP-,  ⭮ ਯ⮠ ફ 
  ᭮ "  㪫 ࠭",  ஬, 
 㣨,   뢠묨  ᯥᯥ⨢묨.
     ࢠ ⥬  (DH)  ᯥ稢  ⮥ ࠭
祩,    ⪠  ।  ᥪ  -

                              - 6 -

祩,     ᥣ譨    ⠥   ᠬ ⮩ 
㤮 ⥬   箬.  ண ⮤ (RSA)
室   אַ  ᨬ   ᫮ ࠧ 
ᥫ  ⥫.  ᫨ ⥫   浪 100 -
 ,     襬   ᯮᮡ ࠧ 
⥫ 室 浪 100 .  設 ६, -
஢    ஢ ॡ 浪 1-2   .  
NP-    ਪ       饬
砥 १砩  ᫮묨;    ந  ᮮ⢥騩
 뢠 쬠 .
      ⥬   箬, ⠪      ,
室 让 ࠧ 㥬 ,  ,  ,  
訩, 祬  ⬥ DES,   ९,    
᪮ ஢,  ᯮ짮 ⬮   箬
 ⮪ .  ᥣ譨  ᮪䥪⨢ ⥬
  箬   .   ᥬ⭮ ਭ -
࠭祭 ᯮ짮  ਯ⥬    箬 - ⮫쪮
 ࠢ 砬   ஢ .
     ।⠢    騥  ⥬  
ࠬ ਯ⥬.




2.  

  2.1 DES-⠭   ஢ .

     ਯ⮣ ⭠  ॢ ६ (筮 ᯮ-
  )    ६  ⠢ ਢ
᪫⥫쭮 㤠⢥   ०.  १-
  ᫥ 㡫樨  1949   . "-
  ⥮ਨ ଠ樨  ୥⨪". ਯ⮣ ⠫ ꥪ-
⮬ ⠫쭮   祭.  ਭ⨥ ⠭ -
஢ DES   ⮫窮  ப ਬ ஢-

                              - 7 -

  ᪨ ⥬.   ⮣ ⠭ - ⫨
ਬ 㭨䨪樨  ⠭⨧樨 । .  ਬ஬ -
⥬ 室  ᮧ  㯭⠡ ⥬ 
ଠ樨   ४⨢ ⢠ 䨭ᮢ  1984 -
, ᮣ᭮ ன  ⢥   ࣠樨,  -
騥   ࠢ⥫⢮ ,  易  楤 -
஢ DES;  㯭訥  Citibank,Chase Manhattan Bank, Ma-
nufaktures Hannover Trust, Bank of America, Security Pacific Bank
⠪ ਫ  ⥬.
     ⢮ ࣥ⨪    ᯮ  祬 30 -
騬 ﬨ,    ᯮ  DES, -
⢮ 樨  ⠭  20000  ࠤன,  ᯮ
।⢠    DES.  ⠭⨧  ᫥  ६
ਮ⠥ 㭠த ࠪ, ⢥ত ⮬ - 㭠-
த ⠭ 1987  ISO 8372, ࠧࠡ⠭  ᭮ ਯ-
⮠⬠ DES.
      ⢥ ⠭⭮  ஢    
ன⢮ Cidex-, 饥  ⬥ DES; ᪮ -
஢ -  56 /  7 /.  ਩ ᪠ ⮭-
 ஢  DES 2000,   ⠪ ᯮ 楤-
 ஢ DES;  ᪮ ஢ -  38,4 /    110
/.   ࠧ ᥪ ᪮ ⥫쭮 ᯮ-
  ஢/஢  FACOM 2151   -
 ⬠  DES;  ᪮ -  2,4 /  19,2 /.  
࠭ ᮭ ஢    䥪⨢묨
  ⠫ ணࠬ ।⢠ .  , ࠧࠡ⠭ 
ணࠬ    ஢/஢  ଠ樨   (Computer
Intelligence Access),  ॠ騩  DES.   
ᯮ짮   SecretDisk (C F Systems)  ᪫祭  -
ᠭ樮஢ 㯠  ᪠.
      ࠧ,   DES ।⠢ ᮡ ᭮ -
堭, ਬ訩  묨    㤠⢥묨 ०ﬨ
   ଠ樨.     ६  ⢮  樮쭮
᭮, 㯠饥   ᯥ  ਯ⮣᪨ -
⬠, ࠧࠡ뢠   ஢    -

                              - 8 -

ᮢ ᯮ짮.    1987   樮쭮  ⠭⮢
᫥ 㦤 ⢥न ⢨ DES;   ᬮ -
 ஢   ﭢ 1992 ,    ᥣ譨 
⢨ DES ࠭稢 ᪫⥫쭮 ᪨ ⥬.

 2.2 RSA-⥬   箬.

     ਯ⮣᪨ ⥬   箬  ᮧ
 90-   饭 ⥬ ⥫䮭 裡    ᫮
⮢  3 .  &, Motorola, RCA ந
, ᪠騥 ᮢ ࠡ;   GTE ࠧࠡ-
 ⥬ ࠢ 砬.  ⠢  75000 ⥫䮭
砫  1987 . ࠡ⠭ ᯥ樠஢ ⥣ࠫ쭠
奬 IDS-P2 (8763), ॠ  DH   ᥪ-
   0,9 .  ணࠬ ॠ ⬠ RSA  -
⢫  RSA Data Security, ⭠ ॠ ⮣
 ⬠  ᯥ樠஢  ⥣ࠫ쭠  奬  믮
ମ Sandia.  ଠ  Cylink ⨫ ᯥ樠஢ ⥣-
ࠫ 奬 CY1024,  ॠ  RSA   ᯥ稢
᪮ ஢ 1000 /.

2.3 ⥬ ⮪ ஢.

      ஢  ᮪᪮  ࠫ  ,  
ࠢ, ᯮ  ⥬  ⮪  ஢.  ன⢮
SEC-17 ᯥ稢 ᪮ ஢   256  /    2304
/,   ⮨  72 ⭠ ; ன⢮
SEC-15    105340 ᪨ ᨬ  -
祩. ਭ樯  ⮪  ஢  ᯮ  ன⢠
fggfhfnehs ibahjdfybz MSDS MARCRYP.   ன⢥ ⮪ -
஢ CSD 807   祢 ᫥⥫쭮 ਬ
31-ࠧ來 ॣ ᤢ,    ன⢠  ⮪
஢ SDE 100 ᯮ 2 ॣ ᤢ.



                              - 9 -

2.4  28147-89 - ⢥ ⠭ ஢ .

      襩 ࠭ ⠭   ਯ⮣᪮
८ࠧ   ⥬  ࠡ⪨  ଠ樨    
, ⤥⥫     ,   । 
28147-89.
      ਯ⮣᪮ ८ࠧ  ।-
祭   ⭮    ணࠬ  ॠ樨,  㤮⢮
ਯ⮣᪨ ॡ      뢠 ࠭祭  
⥯ ᥪ⭮ 頥 ଠ樨.
     ⮡  ஡ ᯥ䨪樨 ⬠ ਯ⮣-
᪮ ८ࠧ,  ᫥    28147-89.  -
᫮, ਢ   ਠ      ᫮-
 ᯮ짮  ணࠬ  ⭮ ॠ樨 -
⬠ ਯ⮣᪮ ८ࠧ.
      ᠭ ⬠ ᯮ ᫥騥 祭.
     ᫨ L  R -  ᫥⥫쭮 ,  LR 㤥 -
 ⥭ ᫥⥫쭮⥩ L   R.    ⥭樥
᫥⥫쭮⥩ L  R  ᫥⥫쭮 , ࠧ-
୮ ன ࠢ 㬬 ࠧ୮⥩ L  R.   ⮩ ᫥-
⥫쭮   ᫥⥫쭮 R ᫥  ⠬ ᫥-
⥫쭮 L. ⥭ ⮢ ப  樠⨢,
..  ABCDE 砥,    ⠬ ᫥⥫쭮 
᫥  ᫥⥫쭮 , ⥬   ..
      (+) 㤥   ⮢ ᫮
  2, ᨬ [+] -  ᫮   ( 2  32
⥯)  32-ࠧ來 ᥫ. ᫠ 㬬  ᫥饬
ࠢ:
          A [+] B = A + B ,᫨ A + B <>(2  32 ⥯),
          A [+]  B  = A + B -( 2  32 ⥯),᫨ A + B =2  32

  {+} 砥  ᫮  
((2  5320) -1)  32 ࠧ來 ᥫ. ࠢ 㬬஢ ᥫ
᫥騥:


                             - 10 -

         A {+} B = A + B,᫨ A+B<>((2  32)-1)
         A {+} B = A + B-((2  32)-1),᫨ A + B = (2  32)-1

      ਯ⮣᪮  ८ࠧ  ।ᬠਢ
᪮쪮 ० ࠡ.    砥  ஢ 
ᯮ ,    ࠧ୮ 256   ।⠢-
   쬨 32-ࠧ來  ᥫ  (i).  ᫨  
 १ W, 
                  W =X(7)X(6)X(5)X(4)X(3)X(2)X(1)X(0)
     ஢ 믮  ⮬  ,   ஢-
,       ᨥ    ஢
.
       ᠬ ⮩ ० - .  , -
騥 ஢,  ࠧ    64   , -
   (j).
     । ᫥⥫쭮    (j)  ࠧ   
᫥⥫쭮 () (  訥 )   ()  (ࠢ
 訥 ),     ᮤন 32 . ⥬ -
 ⨢    ஢,    뢠
᫥騬 㫠:
  1.   A(i)=f(A(i-1) [+] X(j) (+) B(i-1)),
      B(i)=A(i-1),
    ᫨ i=1,2,...,24,j=(i-1) mod 8;

  2.   A(i)=f(A(i-1) [+] X(j) (+) B(i-1)),
      B(i)=A(i-1),
    ᫨ i=25,26,...,31,j=32-i;

  3.   A(32)=A(31),
      B(32)=f(A(31) [+] X(0)) (+) B(31),
    ᫨ i=32.

      i 砥  樨 (i=1,2,...,32).  㭪
f 뢠 㭪樥 ஢.  㬥⮬  㬬 
 2  5320 ᫠ (i), 祭  ।饬 蠣 樨,

                             - 11 -

 ᫠ (j)  (ࠧ୮    ᥫ ࠢ 32
).
     㭪 ஢  砥    樨    祭
32-ࠧ來 㬬.  ࢠ   뢠 ⠭ .
 ⠭  ⮨  쬨 㧫  (1) ... (8) 
 64  . 㯠騩   ⠭ 32-ࠧ-
  ࠧ  ᥬ ᫥⥫쭮  4-ࠧ-
   ᮮ⢥騬  㧫  ,  ।⠢騬 ᮡ
⠡  ⭠ 楫 ᥫ   0....15.
     室   ।  ப  ⠡,  ᫮ 
ன  室 ஬.  ⥬  4-ࠧ來  室
 ᫥⥫쭮 ꥤ  32-ࠧ來 .  -
  ⠭  ᮤন 祢  ,  騥  
   । 塞.
       - 横᪨ ᤢ  32-ࠧ來 -
, 祭   १ ⠭ .  64-ࠧ來 
஢   ।⠢  

                   = (32) (32)

     ⠫     ० ⮩   -
஢뢠 筮.
        ,  ० ⮩  ⨬ -
짮  ஢  ⮫쪮  ࠭祭 . 
⨬  ⭮ ࠡ⪠   ஢   -
祭 ⮧  ।   裡  ࠭ 
 .

     騩 ०  ஢ 뢠 ० ஢.
 ,   ࠧ       64-ࠧ來        (i)
(i=1,2,...,m,   m । ꥬ 㥬 ),  -
஢뢠  ० ஢ ⥬  ࠧ來  ᫮
   2      ,   ࠡ뢠 
 64 , ..


                             - 12 -

                   = ( (1),(2), ...,(i), ...,(m) ).

     ᫮  ࠧ冷   (m)      64,
 ⮬  ᯮ짮    ஢     
 (m) 뢠.
     ࠢ ஢      ० ஢ 
 ।⠢  ᫥饬 :

      (i)=A(Y(i-1) [+] C2),
      Z(i-1) {+ }C1 (+) T(i)=(i) (+) T(i).

      ⮬ ࠢ (i) 砥 64-ࠧ來   -
 ⥪,    -  㭪 ஢  ० ⮩ 
(㬥⠬ ⮩ 㭪樨   32-ࠧ來 ᫠), 1 
2 -  ⠭,     28147-89.  稭 Y(i)  Z(i)
। 樮    ନ஢  ,  ᫥騬
ࠧ:

      (Y(0),Z(0))=A(S),

 S - 64-ࠧ來 筠 ᫥⥫쭮 (ᨭய뫪);

      (Y(i),Z(i))=(Y(i-1) [+] C2,Z(i-1) {+} C1),
 i=1,2,..,m
     ஢     ⮫쪮  稨 ᨭய-
뫪,    ᥪ ⮬    -
        ।   裡  
஢묨 묨.
      ஢    ⭮   祭 宦  ०
஢.    ० ஢,   , ࠧ-
  64-ࠧ來  (i) (i=1,2,....,m,  m ।-

 ꥬ 㥬 ),  ஢뢠 ⥬ ࠧ來
᫮     2    ,   ࠡ뢠
  64 :

                             - 13 -


    =((1),(2),...,(i),...,(m)).

     ᫮   ࠧ冷    (m)    64,
 ⮬ ᯮ짮  ஢        
 (m) 뢠.
     ࠢ ஢   ० ஢  -
    ।⠢  ᫥饬 :

     (1) = A(S) (+) T(1) = (1) (+) T(1),
     (i) = A((i-1)) (+) T(i) = (i) (+) T(i),
   i=2,3,...,m

      (i) 砥 64-ࠧ來  ஢ ⥪-
,   -  㭪 ஢  ० ⮩ .  㬥⮬
㭪樨  ࢮ 蠣 ⨢ ⬠  64-ࠧ-
 ᨭய뫪,    ᫥ - ।騩  -
஢  (i-1).
       28147-89 ।  ࠡ⪨ ⮢⠢,
 ࠧ      ०  ஢  .
⮢⠢ -    p  ( ⮢⠢ p),   -
ࠡ뢠  । ஢ ᥣ ᮮ饭,   ࠫ-
쭮  ஢  .    , -
   ࠡ⪥ ⮢⠢,  ᮤঠ 㦥-
 ଠ (ਬ,  , ६, ᨭய뫪) 
 ஢뢠. 祭 ࠬ p (᫮  ࠧ冷
 ⮢⠢)  ।  ਯ⮣᪨  ॡﬨ 
⮬ ⮣,  ⭮ 뢠   ࠢ 1/25
      祭  ⮢⠢   ।⠢ 
 64-ࠧ來  (i) (i=1,2,...,  m   m  ।
ꥬ 㥬 ).      (1) -
࣠ ८ࠧ, ᮮ⢥饬  16 横 -
⬠ ஢    ०  ⮩ .  祬  ⢥
  ࠡ⪨ ⮢⠢ ᯮ ,    ஬
 .

                             - 14 -

     祭6 ᫥ 16 横 ࠡ 64-來 ᫮ 㬬-
   2      (2). -
 㬬஢ ᭮ ࣠ ८ࠧ, ᮮ⢥-
饬  16 横 ⬠ ஢  ० ⮩ -
.
     祭 64-ࠧ來  ᫮  㬬      2 
쨬    (3)  ..  ᫥   (m),
 室     64-ࠧ來  -
ﬨ, 㬬   2  १⮬ ࠡ   蠣  m-1,
᫥ 祣  ஢뢠   ० ⮩    16
横 ࠡ ⬠.  祭 64-ࠧ來 ᫠ 롨-
ࠥ १    .
     ⮢⠢  ।   裡     
᫥ ஢ . 㯨訥 ஢  -
஢뢠   祭    (i) ࠡ-
뢠 ⮢⠢  ,   ⥬ ࠢ  ⮢-
⠢ , 祭   裡    .  砥
ᮢ ⮢⠢    ஢    
묨.



III.ࠢ ਯ⮣᪨ ⮤.

      ⮤ ஢  ᯮ짮 稪 ᥢ-砩
ᥫ     ᯮ    ணࠬ ॠ樨
⥬ ਯ⮣᪮  .  ⥬,,
 筮   ணࠬ஢   ᮧ
  祭 ᮪  ਯ⮩.஬  ⮣,䥪-
⨢    ⮤  ஢ 筮 ᮪.⥬,
᭮  ⮬ ⮤  訨஢  ᥪ㭤  
᪮쪨 ⪮  ⥭  .
     ᭮ २⢮ ⮤ DES   ,    -
⠭. ࠪ⨪  ⮣  ⬠  
   ॠ樨  ᯮ짮  ࠧ ਫ-

                             - 15 -

 ࠡ⪨ .    ᨬ
 㣨,⮬  ⢫ ᨬ । -
     ந     ஢ .
६, 樮 ᨭ஭  権 ஢
 㦭.
      ࠡ뢠 ஢ ,  -
   㭪樥   ⮢    
⮢ 祩.稥         १-
 ࠢ ⭮     ஢-
 .
     DES    ॠ ⭮  ணࠬ, -
    ⠭   ॠ    ஭
ன⢠ ᯥ樠쭮 祭.
      ᢮⢮  DES 룮 ⫨砥   ⮤ ஢-
  ᯮ짮 稪 ,᪮  設⢮  -
⬮ ஢ ஥  ᭮ 稪 , ࠪ-
ਧ ᥬ २⢠ DES.  DES   -
 ⪮.
      ⢥ ⪮ DES ⠥  ࠧ
.⠭   饥 ६  ⠥ 梨,
 祭 㤥   (    뫨 ॣ-
 砨 ᠭ樮஢ 樨.  ⮪
DES 砥  ⮬,       
룫拉  ஢ ⥪.
      ਯ⮣᪮     ८ࠧ,騩
⢥ ⠭⮬  ।塞  28147-89,᢮
 ⪮ ⠭⠠ DES     ६   ᥬ
 २⢠.஬  ⮣     ⮤, 
ண   䨪஢  㦥  砩   
諥 䨪 ஢ ଠ樨.
       ⬠  祭 ⢥ ⮪,-
 砥  ⮬,  ணࠬ  ॠ  祭
᫮  ࠪ᪨ 襭 类 ᫠.
      ⠭    ⮤  RSA.      祭
ᯥ⨢,᪮   ஢ ଠ樨  ॡ-

                             - 16 -

 ।  㣨 짮⥫.  饥  ६
⮬ ⮤  ⭮   ⥫쭮,᪮  -
 ண  ⥫⢠,       㣮
ᯮᮡ ।  ᥪ⭮    ⭮,஬ 
। ⥫ 楫 ᥫ.
      ⠫쭮  ⮤  RSA    ⮫쪮 ⮨⢠.
  ⮨  ᫥  ⭥  祭  ᮪  ਯ-
⮩,쭮  ணࠬ   ॠ-
樨. , ᯮ짮 ⮣ ⮤   ਯ-
⮣᪮   ࠧ뢭 易  祭 ᮪
஢ ࠧ ᫨⥫쭮 孨.





























C᮪  :


1. . ⨪, "堭    ", . , 1993 . 

2. . ᪨, "ਯ⮣᪨ ⮤",   05.93 .

3. . , "⠭ ஢ ",  03-04 1992 .

4. . ஡쥢, " ଠ樨  ᮭ ", . , 1993 .
