                 "   ⨪ "

                            20.
        㡥 19-20   뫠 楫 ୮ ࠭,
     ८ ᥫ᪮ ᥫ. 裡  殮  -
    樥,襩  ࠭, ᪨ ⨨ । ᢮
    ணࠬ,ࠢ  ८ ਧ.⢥, -
     㭪⮬      ணࠬ,  , 
    ⮣ ᨫ -    ⨥ ਬ୮ 90% ᥫ ࠭
      ᪮    樠-,-
        ணࠬ     .
       ࠡ - ᫥ ࠧ⨥ 冷 樠--
    ⮢     ࠧ 㯯 "᢮  㤠"
     4- ꥤ⥫쭮 ꥧ .

                            20.
     訬 筨  祭  ⥬  ⮪
    ꥧ .ᮡ     ⮬ ⭮襭 㬥 -
      ⥫쭮 2,3  4 ꥧ. 㬥  ।⠢
    ᮡ ⥭᪨  ࠡ ꥧ.஬ ⮨⢮
     ਠ, ᪨ 筨,     
    䨪 ⮢   ⠭,  ᭮  ண-
    ࠬ ⨨ 襢, ࠦ ନ஢   冷  
     ஢ . ਠ 襭 - -
    ⭮ ꥪ⨢,᪮쪮 ।⠢ ᮡ  ⮣  -
    ⨢ ⢮⢠ 㯯 ᪨ 諥.
      ᢮ ࠡ  ⠪ ᯮ 稭 ..堭 "-
    ᨩ᪮ ࠧ७"   "  樠-⮢  졥  -
    ". ᢮ ࠪ  ࠡ  ⭥  ᪮
    㡫⨪. 饩 樨 ⢠  ᨨ,堭

                                  - 2 -

    㯠 ⨢ த᪨   쭮  ன-
     ᨨ.
     㣨 묨 筨  ⮩ ⥬   ..-
    ,饭 ୮  .   ᫥ ᫥-
    ⥫쭮  冷 襢   ,  ⠪
    ।⠢ ஥    ணࠬ  ⪨  ண-
    ࠬ. ࠡ ᯮ짮 ᫥騥 ந    "-
     ୮ ணࠬ ࠡ祩 ⨨" (1906),"ୠ ணࠬ-
     樠-⨨    ࢮ  ᪮  ॢ樨"
    (1905-1907),"  ꥤ⥫쭮 ꥧ "(1907),⠪
    ᯮ 뢪  㣨 ࠡ.
      楫,  筨  쭮   ࠦ ࠧ⨥ 冷 
          ᮤঠ  ਠ  ⥬ 
    ࠡ.
                         2.
     ஡ ୮      ணࠬ    ࠧ ⠯
    ⮢ ॢ樨 祭  ࠣ   ⢥
    ਮ䨨,   ࠡ 饭  ஡ -
    ⢠   ਮ, 業  樨  ୮ .
     । ࠡ,饭   ୮    -
    ᪮  ᪮ ணࠬ  ,ᯮ짮:
    .. "..   ⭮襭  ᨨ"(쪮 1960);
    2).設 "᪨      㤠  .."(㩡襢
    1974); 3)..࠯  "   ୮-᪨  -
    "(᪢ 1983).   ࠡ ᬠਢ ਮ -
     冷     ࠧ  ࠬ ,
    稢  ࠢ,᪮ ॢ樥   ਮ
    .    ࠡ ⪮ ஥  ᫥⥫-

                                  - 3 -

       ୮   ணࠬ  ⨨,  뫪  
    ࠧ 筨,   ᬠਢ .
.
                                  - 4 -


                        2᭮ .
     ଠ 1861  ५ 宩  ⮫쪮   ᪮
    ࠧ⨨,     ᥩ  ⢥ ᪮  ࠭.
     砫 㡮 ࠧ ⢥ ᨫ  ᨨ,
    १ ண  ७ ᪮  뤢㫠 楫
    鸞  ॢ樮஢,ନ  㯭  ᪮
    祭-த⢮,ࠫ த, 묨 -
     ⢠ 80-90 ,᭮뢠  㬥७,ନ᪨
     襭 ୮ . 㦤 ᪮  
    﫨 쥬, ⮬  쥬 ॢ,-
       ,  뫮 ८ ⥬ ⥫-
     ⮢ ᪮ ࠢ⥫⢠.   ॡ  
    ୮ ,ࠦ  ணࠬ,த⢮  .
     ५ ⠯  ࠧ⨨ ⢥  ᫨  ᨨ  
    ᮧ   1883  ࢮ  ᪮  ࣠樨 "᢮
    㤠", ..堭,ᬮॢ訬  ᢮   ०
      襤訬  樨 筮 樠. ⮣ -
     砫  筠 ࠧࠡ⪠ ୮-᪮  -
    .㯯 "᢮  㤠" ਭ  蠣  襭
    ୮-᪮ ,ࠦ    ணࠬ.  
    ணࠬ  ᭮ 饭 ࠡ祬 ,  -
         ⮢."㯯  5"0᢮  㤠"
          ⢮,⠢饣  ᭮ 
    饣 ᥫ ᨨ,-  ணࠬ,-   -
    ,  ࠡ ⥫樨, ᮡ  ᮢ६ ᫮-
     樠쭮 ᪮ ,   ०  ࠢ
      ࠧ ᫮ ⮣ ᥫ,   ஬諥-

                                  - 5 -

     ࠡ稥".510 ࠧ,  ,  ᭮  ॢ樮
    ᨫ ਧ  ࠡ稥.   堭   ⮬,
    "稢 ᨫ쭮 প । ⮣ ᫮,樠쭠 ⥫-
       ࠧ 襩   ᯥ ࠭
    ᢮ ⢨  ⢮, ᮡ,᫨   
    ⮬ ६  ᢮  樨  ய".520 ⠪ 㯯 "᢮-
     㤠", ० ᥣ  ࠡ稩 ,  -
     ⢠  饣  ,ண   樨 
    ய  ਢ  ॢ樮 졥.
      堭   , ᪠ ᠬ⥫쭮 ॢ-
    樮  ,㦥 ண  㤥
      ᮡ । ᨫ 樠⮢,  ८ਥ-
      ୮  ᥫ."  ᮡ,祬,-    -
    ,- ।  ᨫ    樠⮢  㤥 -
    ,᫨  ⢥ 㦨 ᠬ⥫쭮 ॢ樮-
     ."53
      ஬ ஥ 㯯  "᢮  㤠",  襫  
    ᢥ   1888,ୠ ணࠬ  ᫥騬 ࠧ:"-
     ᬮ     ⭮襭,..  ᫮  㯠
        ᪨ .।⠢ ࠢ -
        室  騭 ⥬   ,  
      ᥡ 㤮, .."54
    _________________________________________________________________
      1 ..堭 . .2 .362.
      520  ..堭 . .2 .362.
      530  ..堭 . .2 .363.
      540  ..堭 . .2 .403.


                                  - 6 -

       80- 砫 90-  襫  ᢥ  ࠡ ..-
    ,饭 ୮ ᥫ:"ᨩ᪮  ࠧ७"  
    "   樠⮢    졥     ᨨ". ⠡
    ਢ 堭  "ᨩ᪮ ࠧ७" ᭮ ,
      80-  ०  ࠦ, ᥬ⭮
    ਢ訥  .  ᪨  ⢨  ⠢
     ⮢       ⭮⥫쭮 ᪮
     ३    ।    ਧ뢠
       ࠢ⥫⢮."⢨  ࠦ  ࠦ ஬
     ਭ ࠧ ᨩ᪮  ⢨",஥,"஧
    ३     ᨩ᪮ ࠧ७",510- 堭."
    ⥫쭮 ॡ   ⠪ ⢨   ,  ᯮ
       ᪮ ࠢ⥫⢠  墠  㬥, - ⥬ -
     - "520,த , 㯠  । ਭ
    室     ⠡樨 ⠭  ࠭  樨
    .堭 । "  ।⢠    த-
    ⢨ ப ᥫ ࠤ  ஦ -
    ୨"530. ⮣,  ..堭,ॡ  300  400
    ,,      ࠢ⥫⢠   ᫥-
    .⥬ 室  ᪮  ⠭ ᢮
    쭮 宧⢮,  祣 ॡ "ᢥ   ८
     䨭ᮢ  ⥬,ᥩ  ᢮  殮  饩    ᯨ
    ﭨ"54
    _________________________________________________________________
      1 ..堭 . .3 .342.
      2 ..堭 . .3 .353.
      3 ⠬ 
      4 ⠬ 

                                  - 7 -

     ⨢   ⠭  ᪨  宧,..堭
    ⢥ত, ਥ    ⢨ - 졠   ਧ-
    , 祬  ࠭ 筥, ⥬   ⮣ 먣ࠥ -
    . ࠡ "  樠⮢   졥        -
    ᨨ",堭 :"   砫  ந諮 ⠭-
     ᪮ 宧⢠,    砥  ⠢ 
     㤭⥫쭮  ","    砥     
     ⠭ ᪮ 宧⢠,ந    
     砫   筮      砫  ⢥  -
    "510. ⮣, ,   ⢥ত 堭 -
    室    ।,   
     ⠭ ᪮ 宧⢠    砫,  -
    쪮 ।   ࠢ⥫⢮,   믮-
      ,  ਧ뢠   졥  ਧ.
      뫨 ᤥ  蠣 樠-⮢  襭 ୮-
     ,蠣   訡. ᢮ ࠡ "ୠ ண-
    ࠬ 樠-⮢  ࢮ ᪮ ॢ樨" .. -
     訡 ணࠬ "᢮  㤠"      ࠪ⭮-
    ."訡 ⮩  ணࠬ  ⮨   ⮬,- ,-   
    뫨 訡 ਭ樯  訡  ॡ..ਭ-
    樯    ,   ⢥  ⭮  ॡ,⠢
     (ࠢ ⪠  ) ⮫쪮 ᯮ୮,   뫮  -
     ᢮ࠧ   ⮫믨᪨  ⥫⢮.訡筮
    ⮩ ணࠬ-    ࠪ⭮,⢨  类  ⭮
    _________________________________________________________________
      1 ..堭 . .3 .438.
.
                                  - 8 -


    鸞  ।.,ᮡ⢥, ணࠬ, ᠬ 饥 -
    ᪮ "510. ..  ⠢  ⥫⢮
         ࠬ ணࠬ,⨢  頥 ⥬, ⮩
    ணࠬ  20   ࢮ ᪮ ॢ樨 "ਧ -
     ࠤ쭮 ᬮ  ᪮ "520.
      ᪠, ᠬ 堭      ᢮  ணࠬ  -
    ਫ, " ।  ।    ⮦ ६"530.
     쭥襥 ࠧ⨥ 冷    易   
    ..,஬ ਭ ᭮ ࠧࠡ⪠ 㭪⮢ -
     ணࠬ. ᠫ:" ୮ ணࠬ  ࠧ㬥  -
     㪮  砫  -祪 ⨪  ୮
    ,..  ⭮襭  ᥫ᪮ 宧, ࠧ  -
    ᠬ,᫮,㯯 ᥫ᪮ ᥫ".54
      ᪮   ⭮襭  ଥ -
    ᨨ  襫  ⥮᪮ ᭮ ⥣  ⠪⨪
    ஫ਠ   ⭮襭  . ᭮  ॢ樮-
     ⠪⨪     ࠡ祣      ⢠.
    ᢮ ࠭ ࠡ   ⮫쪮  ⥮  
     ,  ࠡ⠫  ணࠬ   -
    .  ஥ ୮ ணࠬ ਫ,  ⢥
    ࢮ।    樠-᪠  -
    :
    __________________________________________________________________
     1  .. ...13..231.
     2  .. ⠬ .
     3 堭 .. ..3 .412.
     4  .. ...13..351.

                                  - 9 -


     "1) ⬥ 㯭 ⥦  ࠦ     㯫-
    祭 㯭  ⥦.饭 ﭠ 譥 㯫祭
      .
      2) 饭 ﭠ १    1861 .
      3) ࠢ⢠  ⥦    ᪨   -
     .
      4)⬥ 㣮 㪨    ,    
    ᯮ殮  ."51
     쭥 ࠧࠡ⪠  ᮢ  ୮  ணࠬ 室 
    ࠭  "",   "   -
    ⢮",饭     3   㫨   
    ⠭.
      ⮩     ७ ॡ  ﭠ
    १  ⬥ 㯭 ⥦   ⠪ ॡ  -
    ० ᪨  ⮢  "  ࠢ    
    ࠢ⥩,    ⭮襭    ᢮
    ࠡ ० ᪮  ᪨ "520,ॡ
    ० 㤮,"   ࠢ  ୮ ᮪
       ",530⠪  ॡ 祭  ᤥ 
    ஭ ⮢騪.",ᠫ  ..,-    ६  
       ᢮  ணࠬ ॡ  ᢮ 襩 ॢ
      ०⪮ ࠡ⢠.ॡ,ᯮᮡ 맢    襩
     ⢠  ᫨  ᠬ⥫ ᪮ ,
    __________________________________________________________________
    1  .. .2 .86
    2  .. .4 .434
    3  

                                  - 10 -


    ᮧ⥫ প ᢮⥫쭮  ࠡ祣 ".51
     ⠪    ᮧ뢠 ண ꥧ  樨 ᪨ -
    ⮢ 뫨 筮  ᭥,ᬮ  , 㦥 ⮣
    ⠫  ࠧ    襢᪨ -
    ࠬ,ࠧ ᯫ訥  ஬ ꥧ.
      1903  ன ꥧ , ஬ 뫠 ਭ -
     ୠ ணࠬ , ᨫ:" 楫   ࠭-
     ⪮  ९⭮ 浪, 殮 ⮬  -
    ।⢥  ﭠ,   ࠧ ᮢ -
      ॢ  ॡ ० ᥣ:
     1:⬥ 㯭   ⥦,  ⠪  直  -
    ⥩,   饥  ६    ⢮,  ⭮
    ᫮.
     2:⬥   ,  ﭨ  ᯮ殮 
    .
     3:饭 ﭠ    㬬,    ଥ -
    㯭   ⥦;᪠  ⮩ 楫 ᪨ 
    મ , ⠪  㤥,᪨  ਭ-
     栬 ᪮ 䠬, ࠢ  ᮡ    -
     楢-, ᯮ짮 㯭 㤮;-
    饭  ⨬ ⥬ 㬬  ᮡ த 䮭    -
      ⢮⥫ 㦤 ᥫ᪨ .
     4. ० ᪨ ⮢: )  饭 ᥫ᪨
    ⢠(।⢮ யਠ樨  㯠)  ,
    १    㭨⮦ ९⭮ ࠢ   㦠  
    ________________________________________________________________
    1  .. .4 .435

                                  - 11 -


    㪠 騪  㤨   ,) ।  ᮡ-
    ⢥     ,묨    
     ६易   .)  ࠭ ⪮ ९
    ⭮襭, 楫  ࠫ,⠥,  ࠥ   㣨 -
     㤠⢠.
     5. ।⠢ 㤠 ࠢ  ୮ ᮪ ७
         ⢨⥫묨 ᤥ,騥  -
    ࠪ."51
         ⮩ ணࠬ,  諨, ᭮,   ॡ-
    , ࠧࠡ뢠 ..  ஥  ୮  ண-
    ࠬ    "   ⢮." 祣 ਭ樯-
    쭮    ᥭ  뫮.
      ࢠ ୠ  ணࠬ ࠧࠡ뢠   , -
     室   ⠤"室饣  ⠫"520,⢥ত襣
    ᢮ ᯮ⢮    த,⠪   ॢ.  ᬮ  ,
     뫠  㡮 樠쭮-᪨  ,  
       ६  ⫨砫 ⢨ ॢ樮 ⬮  -
    ॢ.   ⥫   ᪮  
      뫮.   ,ࠧ㬥,    ࠧ  ࢮ
    ୮ ணࠬ,  㦤    ࠡ⪥.  뢮  
    ⮬,  ணࠬ 㦭 ।, .. 襫 -
     1905, ᪮  ਭ﫮 ப ࠧ.
      쬥    쥬  ꥧ    "  襩 ୮ ணࠬ-
    ",㡫 26  1905     ᠫ:"樠-
   ___________________________________________________________________
    1 ⮪ ண ꥧ   423-424
    2 ..࠯ "  ୮-᪨ " .138

                                  - 12 -

    ... ⢥ত,    ⢮    ᮫୮ 
     ॡ 饭 १  ,..    ।
    ⠪ ୮ ८ࠧ  㯨 મ ⮣
    ᥫ᪮ ஫ਠ  "宧⢥  㦨窮".樠--
    ,筮,祣     ⨢ ⮣,⮡ ⠢訩 -
     "   騪",    ,   -
        ਧ  ஫᪮ ணࠬ,  -
     ᮢ  ⨢ ᮡ⢥ த묨 ᯥ⨢-
     ⠪ ஥ ,   ।-
     ᮢ  ࠧ冷 ᮡ⢥"510. ⮬ 쬥  ..
    ।     ⥫⢠.     ⠫
    楫ᮮࠧ ࠭ ⥬,⮡ ॡ  饭  -
    १ ७  ணࠬ  ਨ  ,  ᠬ ⥪
    ணࠬ ,  ॡ,० ᥣ,० ॢ-
    樮 ᪨ ⮢  ࠭  ⪮ -
    ⭨⢠, ᪮ ८ࠧ   -
    ᪨ ⭮襭   ਭ ॢ樮   襭 -
     ⢠,     騪.  樠-
       ন ⢮    ॢ樮-
    -᪨ ।,⠨ ᠬ⥫ 
     ᠬ⥫  ࣠  ᥫ᪮  ஫ਠ."520  
     ⠢   樮樨 ,,"ᠬ  -
       쭮 -樮   楩᪮ -
    㤠⢥  室 㤥 饭  㦨  ⥬-
     ᮢ  ࠪ ...   ᪮  -
    㡫, 㦥 த, ⢫ 㣨  
    㡫᪨  樠-   ४  -
     ᥡ 㪨  ⭮襭  樮樨 ."3

                                  - 13 -

    __________________________________________________________________
     1  ..࠭ 稭..9 .357
     2  .. ...9 .358
     3  .. .. .9 .359

        ୮  ணࠬ ⨨  ᭮-
      쥬 ꥧ ⨨.   १樨 " ⭮襭  -
    ᪮ "  ᪠:" III ꥧ  砥 ᥬ ⨩-
     ࣠:) ய஢   ப  ᫮  த,
    樠- ⠢  ᢮ 祩 ᠬ ࣨ প
     ॢ樮 ய⨩ ⢠,ᯮᮡ  
    ,   ᪠樨 ,,મ,-
    ᪨  㤥 "51
      १樨 ࠭ ॡ ࣠樨 ᪨ -
    ⮢ ஢    ॢ樮-᪨  ८ࠧ-
    ,ᮤঠ ਧ  ﭠ ࣠뢠 ᪨ -
    樨, ⨢  ⪠    ⥦  ⥩    -
    , ᫨ﭨ  ᥫ᪮  ஫ਠ  த᪨  祭 
    ।⠢⥫  ᪨ .
     뤢 饤᪨  ॡ,  ⮬  ᫥ ॡ
    ᪠樨 쥩  ,..    襢᪠  
     ०  ⠫  室  "ᮥ    ஫
    "  饪᪮,  ᬥ訢 "520      ࢮ
    ᪮ ॢ樨  ,  .. "ࠧ  -
____________________________________________________________________
    1   १    襭  ꥧ,७権    㬮
    1953. .1 .80
    2  ..... 12  47

                                  - 14 -

    ਠ  ᢥ饭 ७ 堭 ⢥  -
    ᨨ,祬 ⨫ ⠪ 뢠 ୮ 樨"51
      窨  ७  ⮣  嫥⭥  ।⠢ 室-
     ᬮ ୮ ணࠬ ᪨  樠-⮢,  
    ᭮ ண 뫮 室  訥   -
      ᨨ,⮡,   ᫮ ," 筥 ⠭-
    , ᮡ⢥   ᪠      
    ஡ 襩 ,- 祣 ᮡ⢥    -
     졠"520.  ᢮ ࠡ "ᬮ ୮ ணࠬ ࠡ祩
    ⨨"  ᠫ:  " ணࠬ 襩 ⨨    ࠢ
    ਤ 쭮  ᪮  ।뢠  "530. । ᪮
    । ணࠬ, ⬥砥,    ୮  
    ந室 ࠧ, 室  ࠡ⠫  ᭮
    ⨯ :
    "1)ୠ ணࠬ       ॡ  樮-
    樨, ᪠樨  ."540 ⮣  ਤন-
      ⮢.  .
    "2)ୠ ணࠬ   ॡ ᪠樨 -
     , ॡ 樮樨     ଥ"550.
    ⮢.   ⮢. 堭.
    "3)㦤     ᢮ࠧ  ࠭祭-
    __________________________________________________________________
    1  .....16  195
    2  .. ⠬ 
    3  ..... 10  156
    540  ..... 10  154
    5  ..... 10  154


                                  - 15 -

     樮樥."510 .᫮,⮢.஬.
    "4)᪠   , । ᫮,-
     "520.஥ ...
     த 뢠    ᪠樨 쥩   樮-
    樨, ࠡ "ᬮ  ୮  ணࠬ  ࠡ祩  ⨨"
    .. ਢ  ஥  ⮩ ணࠬ, 砥  ᥡ
    ᫥饥:
     "1.᪠  મ,᪨,㤥,㤠⢥-
    ,᪨   ;
      2.० ᪨ ⮢   㭨⮦
     ᫥ 쥩    ਢ   䠪-
    ᪮ ᯮ殮  ᪮묨 ﬨ ।  ⠭-
     ᥭத ।⥫ ᮡ࠭  쭮 ன-
    ⢠;
     3.⬥  ⥩  ⥩,  饥 ६ 
    ⢮,  ⭮ ᫮;
     4.⬥    ﭨ   ᯮ殮  
    ;
     5.।⠢ 롮 த 㤠 ࠢ  ୮
    ᮪ ७        ⢨⥫묨  ᤥ-
    ,騥  ࠪ.
     ᫨  ⥫쭠  ᮢ६ ॢ樨  ᨨ ᯥ-
      ᠬঠ த,.. ᮧ 㡫  
    ᪨ ன,    㤥   ⬥ ⭮
    _________________________________________________________________

    1  ...4.. 10  154
    2  .. ⠬ 

                                  - 16 -

    ᮡ⢥    । ᥩ    ᮡ⢥
    ᥣ த"510.
        ⮬ ஥  ਠ :"...  㤥 ন-
     ६ ॢ樮 ⢠  ⬥ ⭮ ᮡ-
    ⢥       । ᥩ   ᮡ⢥-
     㤠⢠"520.
     稥   ਠ⮢ ⥪ ஥ ணࠬ ( ਠ ,
     , ࠤ)   ன 㢥७ -
     ⭮⥫쭮  ⮣,  ਬ    樮樨
    ,㢥७  ࠢ,  ⢨⥫쭮    
    樮樨   諠 㦭 ⢠ ஭   諠
     ਭ  ⢥⮬ ꥧ  ணࠬ.
     ⠪,ᬮਬ   ⠭ ᨫ । ⢥ ꥧ  :
    .. ⮨  ᪠       樮-
    . ,  樮    㠧  ᠬ
     ᥡ   ﭨ 㭨⮦ ᯫ,  ६   
    稨 쥩   㪠 ஫ਠ   ⠭
    ᨫ 㤨    㭨⮦  ᯫ樨    ᯫ-
    ஢, 蠣 蠣    樠᪮ , -
     १ 樮樨 -  ⭮ ᮡ⢥  
    ."   ,  类 砥,᪮ 祭,- 
    ..,-  ਠ쭮, ࠫ쭮.ਠ쭮 -  ⮬  ⭮-
    襭,     ﭨ ⠪  ᬥ ⪨ ।-
      ᨨ,⠪   ᣭ ॢ,⠪  
     ।  ਪ ண, 樮.ࠫ-
    __________________________________________________________________
     1  ..... 10  172
     2  .. ⠬ .

                                  - 17 -

     祭  樮樨    ॢ樮    ⮨   
    ⮬, ஫ਠ      㤠  " ଥ ⭮
    ᮡ⢥",⧢㪨 ண   ᥬ "510.
     ᪮ ணࠬ   樮樨  ⨢﫨  襢,
    ᢮  ୮  ஥  ⪠訥  뤢  ॡ
    ᪠樨   ,   ॡ 㦤
     .᪫砫 ⠪ ॡ ᮧ ᪨ -
    ⮢,  । । 饤᪨ ࣠-
     ᠬࠢ - 㭨樯 -    뫨  ꥤ-
       ᫮, ࠧ ᮢ ਭ. -
    ஫ ⠪ ࣠    뫨  ३    㦤  -
    .襢 ⢥ত,  ஥  ..   樮樨
    ।  ,      樠-
    ᪮ ॢ樨,᪮쪮  ᪠ ॢ  㠧-
    ᪮,  墠 ஫ਠ⮬      
    .⢥࣠   墠  ࠡ稬 ,襢 -
    ࣠  ஥ 樮樨.     襢  
    ਫ:"뫪   ⢨  ࠭⨩   ⠢樨  
     ᪠, ᪮ 㦨 㠧 ⨢ ஫-
    ਠ...७ ᪨ ⨢稩  ᪮ 
      ॠ樨,砥 ࠡ ,-   㦭  㯫
     ⨢.  ᪮  ॠ樥  ᫥  ,  
      ,    ᤥ  ॠ樥."52
     ஬  襢᪨ ⮢ ⢥⮣ ꥧ
    __________________________________________________________________
     1  ..... 16  304.
     2  ..... 13  22.


                                  - 18 -

      﫠  ࠧ 쥩   ᮡ⢥ -
    ⢠.  ꥧ "" ࠡ⠫     ᯥ樠-
     ணࠬ.஥  ࠧ 砥  ᥡ ⠪ ॡ 
    யਠ 㯭  ᮡ⢥ ⥬ ᪠樨  
      ᮧ ॢ樮 ᪨ ⮢.ࠫ
    㭪 ணࠬ   ᨫ:"...   ,ন   ॢ樮
    ६ ⢠      墠⮢,㤥 -
     ० ᪨ ⮢  ࣠樮 
    ᪮       㭨⮦  ᫥
    쥩 ਢ   䠪᪮ ᯮ殮 墠祭묨
    ﬨ,।  ⠭ ᥭத ।⥫ ᮡ࠭
     ।⥫쭮   ன⢠..."510.஭   ࠧ   ⠪
    ,   襢  㯠  ⨢ 樮樨,..   
    ,ﭥ  ਫ   :     -
    ⥫     ᥡ  ᮡ⢥,   ᮡ⢥
    㤠⢠, ᠥ  ᮡ⢥  ,  樮
       業  אַ   ⥫⢮.஬ ⮣
    ⠫ "ࠧ",᪮쪮 ᫥  ॢ樨  㤥
    ࠭ 㠧,    樠᪮,業  ஬
    쭮 䮭  㪠 ⠪ 㤠⢠  ᨫ  㠧
     ᫠ ஫ਠ.
      ᬮ  ,  襢  "ࠧ"  뫨  -
    ⨢ ᪮  ஥,騩   ஢ ஫ਠ
    -ࠧ 業  祭  .  ᠫ:"...㭨-
     訡筠    ।,ࠧ,  ணࠬ,訡祭, 
    ।...       ।,       ᮣ
    __________________________________________________________________
    1 ⮪ ⢥⮣ ꥧ  .74-75.

                                  - 19 -

    ﭥ -ࠧ;   ਢ ᫥⥫ -
    ன⢮ 㤠⢠ -.祬  訡祭:⮬,  -
    ஭ ᬠਢ ᪮  ⮫쪮  窨 -
     諮  饣, ਢ       ७
    饣 "510...  ਭ樯  ⢥࣠ ࠧ ,   -
    ⠫ ,⮡  ࠧ  ।⢮  樮  -
    , 訬 ࠧ ᯮᮡ⢮  쭥襬  ࠧ-
      㣫㡫 ॢ樨.
      :  .. ᭮ 室  樮-
    樨,祬   ⢥⨫    "ࠧ⮢",⠢  
     ᫮ ?
     -,   ॢ樨  㢥७ ( ᪨ ॡ
    뫨 ⮬ ⢥ত),  ᠬ  ﭥ    饩  -
    .   㭣  "  , ",-  ।⠢ 
     ᮡ   ᮧ ॡ 樮樨 ?  -
     ⠫,,    "쥩  " ﭥ  ࠢ
     ⭮ ᮡ⢥,  ᫮- " ᪮  -
    祭           騪"520.  ᮣ蠥  
    ⨬, ⠫, "ࠧ"    ࠢ    ࠢ.祬?
    "஭ ࠧ,-  ᠫ ,- ࠢ쭮  -
     ᫮  樮樨,ࠢ쭮  , -   ⮬  
     -   㬥  ࠢ쭮 ᭥ ᤥ 砣 -
     ,㤨  쭥襣    ।.    ⮬  
    ,⮡ 易   ﭠ   樮     ࠧ-
    ...   ⮬, 樠,ᯮ頤 ࠧ砫 -
    _________________________________________________________________
     1  ..... 13  14.
     2  ..... 10  315.

                                  - 20 -

    㠧  ﭨ  "쥩 "  㬥 -
     ﭨ  ।"510. ﭥ ᥩ  -
     樮樨 -  ﭭ ⮫뢠  襢
    १ - ६  ᠬ   ᮥ.   
      "ࠧ⮢"  ⮬, ।    㪨 -
    㠧 㤠⢠  ᫠ 樨 ஫ਠ?     
     ⢥砥.    ⠪:"樮     
    㠧 ⢥,  ᮤ    ᪮   ࠧ-
    ,砥 ७   ਫ ⠫  ,
    業  嫥, ..      砥   ,᫥⥫쭮,
     饩  ᪮ ॢ樨  쭮 ᮪ ࠧ-
    ⮬ ⠫ ⭮    騬 栭   樮-
    樨."520.
     ਧ ⠪ ࠧ,訡筮  冷  "ࠧ-
    ⮢",..,⥬   ,⭮ᨫ      ணࠬ ,祬
    襢᪮."...,筮,  ࠧ  ⮢ ஢ 
    ᮢ ⨢  ᫮"530,- ਫ   ᢮   -
    ⥫쭮 ꥧ . ᢮ ஭, "ࠧ" ⠪  -
    ࠧ   ⭮ᨫ      ,祬  ஥⠬ 襢-
    ,,⢥࣠ ஥ ᫮ - 堭,"ࠧ"  ᮢ  
    ࠦ ⨢ ⮣,⮡ ᪮ ॡ 樮樨 -
     祭  ⢥ ࠢ  "ࠧ",  ᫮,⮡  
    祭 뫮 ⠭  饥.
       ⠫ 業ࠫ 㭪⮬  ਯ⨩  
    __________________________________________________________________
     1  ..... 10  316.
     2  ..... 10  316.
     3  ..... 10  315.

                                  - 21 -

     ⢥⮬  ꥧ . ୠ ணࠬ,ਭ  -
    ⢥묨 ﬨ   ⢥⮬  ꥧ,뤢  ᫥騥
    ॡ:
     1.⬥   ᫮  ᭥  筮      ᮡ⢥
    .
     2.⬥  ⥦  ⥩,易   ᫮  -
    ᮡ    㭨⮦   易⥫-
    .
     3.᪠ મ,᪨,㤥     ।
     (  묨 ﬨ) 㯭 ࣠  ⭮  ᠬ-
    ࠢ,ꥤ騬 த᪨  ᥫ᪨ 㣠.
     4.᪠ ⭮᪨ ,஬   -
    , ।    ᯮ殮 㯭 ࣠ ⭮ ᠬ-
    ࠢ.51
      ࠧ 뫠 ਭ 襢᪠ ணࠬ 㭨樯-
    樨.業   .. ਫ:" ꥧ  ⨩ ண-
    ࠬ ⠭ ணࠬ ᤥ  ॠ樥.  樠  -  -
    ᪠, ᪠ ணࠬ,᫨   ॠ쭮 -
    ᪮ 祭  ⠭ ᮢ६ ᨨ..."520.
      ணࠬ    뫠 ঠ ப ᫮ﬨ,  
    ਢ   㦤 ୮    㬥." 
    뤨 㯮   襢᪨ "530. ᫥ॢ-
    樮 ਮ ⥫⢠ ᫮ ⠪ ࠧ, 樠 -
      ⠫    ୮ ணࠬ.
    __________________________________________________________________
    1 ⢥ ꥧ  ⮪  522.
    2  ..... 13  20.
    3 ࠯.."  ୮-᪨ " .173
